人・ユーザー中心の移動サービスと群集マネジメントのためのモデリング，シミュレーションと最適化

Tohoku University博士（情報科学）thesi

人・ユーザー中心の移動サービスと群集マネジメントのためのモデリング，シミュレーションと最適化

othe

Genetic and Epigenetic Regulation of Vernalization in Brassicaceae

A wide variation of morphological traits exists in Brassica rapa L. and Brassica oleracea L., and cultivated vegetable varieties of these species are consumed worldwide. Flowering time is an important agronomic trait in these species and varies among varieties or cultivars. Especially, leafy vegetable species need a high bolting resistance. Isolation of FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC), one of the key genes involved in vernalization, has now provided an insight into the molecular mechanism involved in the regulation of flowering time, including the role of histone modification. In the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, FLC plays an important role in modulating flowering time. The response to vernalization causes an increase in histone H3 lysine 27 tri-methylation (H3K27me3) that leads to reduced expression of the FLC gene. B. rapa and B. oleracea both contain several paralogs of FLC at syntenic regions identified as major flowering time and vernalization response quantitative trait loci (QTL). We introduce the recent research, not only in A. thaliana, but also in the genus Brassica from a genetic and epigenetic view point

A Coupled Spintronics Neuromorphic Approach for High-Performance Reservoir Computing

The rapid development in the field of artificial intelligence has increased the demand for neuromorphic computing hardware and its information-processing capability. A spintronics device is a promising candidate for neuromorphic computing hardware and can be used in extreme environments due to its high resistance to radiation. Improving the information-processing capability of neuromorphic computing is an important challenge for implementation. Herein, a novel neuromorphic computing framework using spintronics devices is proposed. This framework is called coupled spintronics reservoir (CSR) computing and exploits the high-dimensional dynamics of coupled spin-torque oscillators as a computational resource. The relationships among various bifurcations of the CSR and its information-processing capabilities through numerical experiments are analyzed and it is found that certain configurations of the CSR boost the information-processing capability of the spintronics reservoir toward or even beyond the standard level of machine learning networks. The effectiveness of our approach is demonstrated through conventional machine learning benchmarks and edge computing in real physical experiments using pneumatic artificial muscle-based wearables, which assist human operations in various environments. This study significantly advances the availability of neuromorphic computing for practical uses

Lamivudine treatment in patients with HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma--using an untreated, matched control cohort.

Lamivudine is widely used to treat patients with hepatitis B. However, the outcomes in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated with lamivudine have not been established. This study was conducted to evaluate the outcomes of lamivudine treatment for patients with HCC using an untreated, matched control group. Thirty patients with controlled HCC orally received lamivudine. As controls, 40 patients with HCC who were not treated with lamivudine and matched for clinical features were selected. The lamivudine-treated and untreated groups were compared with respect to changes in liver function, HCC recurrence, survival, and cause of death. In the lamivudine-treated group, there was significant improvement in the Child-Pugh score at 24 months after starting treatment, while no improvement was observed in the untreated group. There was no significant difference in the cumulative incidence of HCC recurrence and survival between the groups. However, there was a significant difference in the cumulative incidence of death due to liver failure (P= 0.043). A significant improvement in liver function was achieved by lamivudine treatment, even in patients with HCC. These results suggest that lamivudine treatment for patients with HCC may prevent death due to liver failure. Further prospective randomized studies using a larger number of patients are required.</p